The battle over evolution in the classroom is always an interesting one. As some states battle to teach creationism alongside evolution (or to eliminate the teaching of evolution altogether), it often comes down to a basic debate of science versus faith. That comes as a surprise to no one. But it makes for some interesting rhetorical battles at both the school district at the state levels.
Science
Advocating for Meaningful STEM Education
Earlier this week, www.ednews.org ran a Commentary from Eduflack on how to advocate for meaningful STEM education, particularly at the state level. The article was originally found here — ednews.org/articles/33615/1/Advocating-STEM-Education-As-a-Gateway-To-Economic-Opportunity/Page1.html. Thanks also to Fritz Edelstein and the Fritzwire for spotlighting the piece.
By Patrick R. Riccards
Effectively integrating Science-Technology-Engineering-Mathematics (STEM) education and its impact on the economic opportunity into the culture is more important today than anyone ever anticipated.Our nation’s recent economic struggles, coupled with concerns about career readiness and 21st century jobs, have refocused our attention on infrastructure – both physical and human.At the heart of rebuilding our nation’s intellectual infrastructure is a STEM-literate society, and students equipped with the STEM skills needed to succeed both in school and career.
But implementing a STEM education effort isn’t as easy as it seems.To some, STEM is a retread of education programs offered decades ago or a recast of vocational education.To others, it is something for the future rocket scientists and brain surgeons, not for every student.To overcome these obstacles, states and school districts are forced to move into a mode of advocacy and social marketing, effectively linking K-12 education and economy and demonstrating the urgency for improvement to both.
Education improvement no longer happens in a vacuum.Call it communications, advocacy, PR, or social marketing, it all comes down to effective public engagement.For education reform efforts across the nation, ultimate success is more than just educating key constituencies about their cause and goals.True success requires specific action – implementing improvements in partnership with educators and other stakeholders to boost student success, close the achievement gap, and ultimately prepare every student for the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century workforce. Such actions require us to move from informing the public to building commitment for a solution, and, finally to mobilizing around specific actions.
Making stakeholders aware of a concern like the need for STEM education is one thing.It is quite another to move the public to the more sophisticated level of informed opinion necessary to reach consensus and generate a sense of urgency that ultimately leads to the action of investing in a K-12 STEM agenda.But this is how great education reforms move from simply good ideas to great successes.
Before we can get audiences to adopt STEM education efforts and embrace the portfolio of research and recommendations available to them, we must first make them aware of the issues at hand.The informing stage makes people aware of the issue, developing a true sense of urgency for change.
While many decisionmakers recognize that there are problems in meeting the coming workforce demands, many do not agree on what those problems may be or what actions might successfully address them.Unfortunately, too many people believe that there is nothing that can be done to fix these problems. Those states that are poised to become leaders in STEM education must convince K-12 and postsecondary education leaders, current and potential employers, state and local policymakers, and the public at large that there are solutions that will work, and solutions their communities can get behind and support.
Ultimately, we do this by showing the enormous need for reforms in “schools like mine, in classes like mine, with kids like mine.” By focusing on past successes and proven-effective methods, educators can demonstrate the critical role STEM plays in our schools, economy, and community, helping make key decisionmaking constituencies understand the serious risks they face simply accepting the status quo. Thanks to groups like the National Governors Association (and a number of forward-thinking states) and the National Math and Science Initiative, such efforts are well underway.
Next, we shift into phase two — building commitment.Once parents, educators, and policymakers recognize the problem, they are ready to commit to a meaningful solution.Transforming a general need for improvement into a public call to arms for STEM education requires understanding that these solutions are the right ones to improve efficiency and success.
Inevitably, some people will reject proposed reforms. Some will be reluctant to face and accept the trade-offs that come from choosing a specific plan of action. Opponents will try to poke holes in specific reforms. The best way to avoid this resistance is to ensure that everyone is involved in the process and that all of their concerns have been heard.
After moving beyond initial resistance, stakeholders begin to weigh their choices rationally and look to a variety of options for moving recommendations into practice.Decisionmakers need to feel that they have a range of choices and a reason to make them.Successful advocacy clarifies the pros and cons of each decision and allow time and opportunity for deliberation.In Colorado, for instance, STEM leaders are working with business leaders and the P-20 Council to explore opportunities and make specific choices to meet the state’s educational and economic needs.
With that, we are finally ready to move to phase three — mobilizing for action.Changing attitudes and informing the debate is not enough. STEM education succeeds when policymakers and community leaders are actively supporting its solutions.Once our target audiences are engaged because they believe in the merits of our position, they will need to know what we want them to do to help accomplish these goals.So it is important that our communications and organizing efforts include specific actions – ideally actions that are easy and feasible – that supporters can take to help reach overall goals.
If history tells us anything, we know the public may agree that reform efforts are valid and will produce desired results, but may not be willing to change their behavior or adopt specific recommendations.This is
temporary, though.Given time, incentives, and opportunities to consider their core values in light of challenges and needs, stakeholders can reach the final stage of full intellectual and emotional acceptance of the importance of improving education opportunity for all.Now is the best time to make sure that there is a role for everyone to play in education improvement, giving stakeholders the tools and information needed to move themselves and others from awareness to action.
Education is an industry as driven by emotion as it is by fact.As a result, too often, stakeholders decide that inaction is the best action, out of fear of taking a wrong step or alienating a specific group. That is why too many groups, causes, and reforms struggle to develop true public engagement efforts that affect real outcomes.That’s where the Inform-Build Commitment-Mobilize Action model comes into play, offering education leaders one of the most effective methods to implement meaningful education solutions. Applying this model to STEM efforts is critical and will offer long-term impacts on strengthening our schools, our community, and our economy.
(Patrick R. Riccards is CEO of Exemplar Strategic Communications, an education consultancy, and author of Eduflack, an education reform blog.)
Published February 9, 2009
Advocating STEM Education as a Gateway to Economic Opportunity
Over at www.ednews.org, Eduflack has a new commentary piece on how STEM education efforts — particularly those led at the state level — can have a real, lasting impact on strengthening our economy. I’ve said it often and I’ve said it loudly, STEM education is an enormously powerful tool to our P-16 infrastructure. We unlock that power by understanding the issues, knowing the audiences involved, their pressing concerns, and how STEM can help erase those issues and empower decisionmakers to use our educational levers to make instruction more relevant for all students while building a workforce pipeline ready and willing for the challenges of the 21st century economy.
What’s Wrong with 21st Century Skills?
Recently, there seems to be growing momentum against the notion of 21st century skills in our K-12 classrooms. Some find the term just to be a little too trite for their tastes. Others believe it moves away from the classically liberal arts education, like literature and history, that K-12 was designed for more than a century ago. And still others think that it is code for turning our high schools into trade schools.
A TIMSS-tastrophe?
Eduflack has been a broken record when it comes to the need to equip all students with the knowledge and skills they need to achieve in the 21st century. We know all kids will need higher-level math, science, and technology skills if they are to hold good jobs a year or a decade from now. And we’ve put the impetus on our K-12 system to provide the instruction relevant to today’s economy and to tomorrow’s opportunities.
When It Comes to Reading, It’s All in Our Heads
Over the last decade, we have seen a real evolution into scientifically based reading instruction. The work of the National Research Council and the National Reading Panel both focused on the research base that was out there, and what the data told us about good, effective instruction. The American Federation of Teachers released a report on reading instruction titled “Teaching Reading is Rocket Science,” hoping to dispel, once and for all, that there was a proven scientific method behind effective reading instruction madness.
The Mind as an Education Tool
Eduflack is a true disciple of the science of education. Over the years, though, I’ve heard many people describe instruction as more art than anything else. At a National School Boards Association national conference years ago, I actually got into an argument with an attendee who tried to explain to me that it was wrong to try and force kids to learn to read at any age. His thought, they will eventually come along to the issue. Instead, we should be encouraging them to play guitar or yodel or do whatever feels good, and once they were focusing on what they were enjoying, they may soon decide that reading could be a joyful activity as well. Reading will come in time, through wishful thinking and pockets full of rainbows.
“Fortune and Glory …”
Over the years, we have heard of the effects of pop culture on higher education pursuits. In the 1980s, the data shows a spike in law school enrollments, credited to the “L.A. Law” effect. Young legal minds seeking to be the next Arnie Becker or Victor Sifuentez. In the 1990s, it was the ‘ER” effect, with increases in law school admissions as young doctors-to-be sought to gain a residency slot at County General. And in recent years, it has been the “CSI” effect, as aspiring criminologists sought to collect prints in Vegas or Miami
This weekend, Eduflack had one of those rare instances where he was able to slip out to a movie. (Having a two-year-old in the house means this was the first newly released moving in six months I and Eduwife have been able to see.) Without giving it a second thought, we jumped in the Edumobile and headed out to an early morning show of “Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.”
Two hours later, I was certain I needed to quit all of this ed reform stuff, go back to school, and become an archaeologist. If it weren’t for my inability to gain competency in any foreign languages (Indy seems to speak dozens, including the dead-for-a-thousand-year-ones), I’d be fitting myself for a fedora, mastering the bullwhip, and heading out to the jungles, deserts, and mountains when antiquities, fortune, and glory can be found. I wouldn’t even mind teaching those quaint little undergraduate classes on the civilizations and legends of the past.
Of course, I know this isn’t what archeology is really like. But it is enough to get the juices and the mind flowing, while inspiring us to pursue new ideas. We also knew that going to law school didn’t mean a high-powered barrister life in the City of Angels, nor did the forensic sciences afford us a life of glamour, power, and intrigue. But these pop culture moments inspire others to pursue education. They see something on TV or at the movies, and have an “a ha” moment. A career possibility to be explored. An academic pursuit recently discovered. Doors of knowledge opening for the first time.
Areas like archeology and ancient history are in need of such “a ha” moments. College majors where many don’t see true fortune and glory are passed over for business or pre-law or economics. But much value can be found in these subjects and others like them. Sure, none of us are going to become the next Indiana Jones, but that doesn’t mean we use these moments to educate and to inspire. To teach and learn. It is a similar philosophy that has us putting a lense of relevance, interest, and passion around the STEM subjects.
But sometimes we have cold water thrown on our dreams of leather jackets, arks, and temples. Just check out the piece in today’s Washington Post from Neil Asher Silberman. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/05/23/AR2008052302453.html He paints the job much differently, of excavating by centimeters and analyzing plant remains. With the stroke of a pen, he took all of the excitement and passion out of a career path that needs passionate and committed scholars. Unintentionally, Silberman took away a great teaching moment to inspire students to study history, science, and the humanities all rolled into one.
Oh well, I guess that archaeologist-adventurer job will have to be left to my dreams. Back to ed reform.
What Would Darwin Think of These Teachers?
In many education circles, we like to use the teaching of creationism in science classes as a punchline. We thought all of this was solved at the Scopes Monkey Trial. We’ve seen Inherit the Wind, and thought Clarence Darrow had William Jennings Bryan dead to rights. Darwin won. And fish with feet now adorn many a good liberal’s Saab or Volvo.
But then we see reports like that released by ABC News. Researchers from Penn State surveyed 2,000 high school science teachers last year. Nearly 1,000 teachers responded. And they found 12.5 percent of them taught creationism as a “valid, scientific alternative to Darwinian explanations for the origin of species.” Sixteen percent believe that human beings were created by God within the past 10,000 years. And teachers who “subscribed” to creationism spent 35 percent fewer hours teaching evolution than their non-creationist colleagues. Check out the article here — http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/story?id=4895114&page=1.
We’d all like to believe that teachers leave their personal opinions and points of view at the classroom door, particularly when it comes to supposedly fact-based courses such as science. In fact, when we hear about the problems of teacher points of view, we usually think of social studies classes and teaching about wars and social policy issues. We think of courses on cultural issues and current events and such subjective ones, not biology and the earth sciences. We’d think wrong.
In an era where students are on the lookout for biased textbooks and teachers with an agenda, it is fascinating that 12.5 percent of teachers are so open with their beliefs and their teaching of creationism. It is even more interesting that we don’t hear the complaints. Creationism stories seem to be anecdotal at best. If we are truly getting creationism lectured in one out of every eight high school science classes, where is the ACLU? Where are the separation of church and staters? Where is the liberal conspiracy?
Eduflack was raised in a strong Catholic household. I spent eight years in CCD. I learned how God created the heavens and the earth in six days. But I never heard it in my K-12 experience. Not in biology, not in chemistry, not in physics (and not even in those social studies classes). Maybe I was attending one of those seven in eight classes. Maybe my teachers realized that the science behind evolution was uncontroverted. Maybe they just followed the texts, and the texts were all Darwin, all the time. Or maybe, just maybe, we are looking for conspiracies, personal agendas, and things that go bump in the night in places where they just don’t exist.
Do we really believe their is a national spike in creationism instruction? Or is this yet another example of individuals telling pollsters what they want to hear (or what they believe and refuse to act on)? Anyone have data on teachers and creationism from 20 years ago? Or even 10? Anyone?
